According to the author, 'ggplot is an implementation of the grammar of graphics' which is a set of rules for producing visualizations of data. In this first plot, we will track the trajectory of life expectancy over time for each country in the data.

map year to x and lifeExp to y$.$

use geom$\_$line to show how lifeExp changes over time. $($did you notice a mistaken assignment to the y parameter in the book?$)$

use grouping to make each line refer to a specific country in the dataset

facet the data on continent

try moving the facets around on the page $-5$ across and $5$ down

add a smoother, change the y scale to a log scale and add the dollar sign

add the labels as described in the book

try using facet$\_$grid