adio Master Budget Case: MKD Ltd. MKD Ltd. is a company that manufactures and sells a single product, which they call a Sera. For planning and control purposes, they utilize a monthly master budget, which is usually developed at least six months in advance of the budget year. Their fiscal year end is December 31 During the summer of 2007, Chris Leigh, the MKD controller, spent considerable time with Pat Frazer, the Manager of Marketing, putting together a sales forecast for the next budget year (January to December, 2008). Unfortunately, their collaboration worked so well they eloped to Las Vegas, were married by an Elvis impersonator, and settled down somewhere in the desert. Prior to their departure they e-mailed letters of resignation and a cryptic sales forecast to the President of MKD. Their sales forecast consisted of these few lines: For the year ended December 31, 2007: 475,000 units at $10.00 each For the year ended December 31, 2008: 500,000 units at $10.00 each For the year ended December 31, 2009: 500,000 units at $10.00 each Expected sales for the year ended December 31, 2007 are based on actual sales to date and budgeted sales for the duration of the year MKD President felt certain that the marriage would not last, and expected Chris would be back any day. However, the end of the year is quickly approaching, and there is still no word from the desert. The President, desperately needing the budget completed, has approached you, a management accounting student, for help in preparing the budget for the coming fiscal year. Your conversations with the president and your investigations of the company's records have revealed the following information: 1. Peak months for sales correspond with gift-giving holidays. History shows that January, March, May and June are the slowest months with only 1% of sales for each month. Sales pick up over the summer with July, August and September each contributing 2 % to the total. Valentines Day in February boosts sales to 5 %, and Easter in April accounts for 10 %. As Christmas shopping picks up momentum, winter sales start at 15% in October, move to 20 % in November and then peak at 40% in December. This pattern of sales is not expected to change in the next two years From previous experience, management has determined that an ending inventory equal to 25% of the next month's sales is required to fit the buyer's demands 2. 3. Because sales are seasonal, MKD must rent an additional storage facility from September to December to house the additional inventory on hand The only related cost is a flat $20,000 per month, payable at the beginning of the month fucsto 4. There is only one type of raw material used in the production of Sera. Space-age o/ acrylic (SAA) is a very compact material that is purchased in powder form. Each #2 for Sera requires 5 kilograms of SAA, at a cost of $0.45 per kilogram. The supplier of ays 201, of 1aths Perehase 457 the mantn afrch 34, the 3rt, Month afrer +he erchase SAA tends to be somewhat erratic inventory balance equal to 40 % of the following month's production needs as a precaution against stock-outs. MKD pays for 20% of a month's.purchases.in the month of purchase, 45% in the following month and the remaining 35 % two months after the month of purchase. There is no early payment discount 7 Sera MKD Tinds it necessary to maintain an retvires 5K 5. Beginning accounts payable will consist of $208,406.50 arising from the following estimated direct material purchases for November and December of 2007: SAA purchases in November 2007: SAA purchases in December 2007 $223,875.00 $162,563.50 6. MKD's manufacturing process is highly automated, so their direct labor cost is low Employees are paid on a per unit basis. Their total pay each month ts, therefore, dependent on production volumes and averages $9.00 per hour. This rate already includes the employer's portion of employee benefits. All payroll costs are paid in the period in which they are incurred. Each unit spends a total of 18.minutes.in-production. 7. Due to the similarity of the equipment in each of the production stages and the company's concentration on a single product, manufacturing overhead is allocated based on volume (i.e. the units produced). The unit variable overhead manufacturing-rate is $1.30 consisting of. Utilities-$0.60; Indirect Materials-$0.20; Plant maintenance-$0.30; environmental fee-$0.14; and Other--$0.06. 8. The fixed manufacturing overhead costs for the entire year are as follows: Training and development Property and business taxes Supervisor's salary Amortization on equipment Insurance Other $ 43,200 39,000 149,400 178,800 96,000 117,600 $ 624,000 The property and business taxes are paid on June 30 of each year. The expected payment for next year is $39,600. The annual insurance premium is paid at the beginning of September each year. There should be no change in the premium from last year. All other "cash-related" fixed manufacturing overhead costs are incurred evenly over the year and paid as incurred. MKD uses the straight line method of amortization. . 9. Selling and administrative expenses are known to be a mixed cost; however, there is a lot of uncertainty about the portion that is fixed. Previous year's experience has provided the following information Lowest level of sales -Highest level of sales Total Operating Expenses: $778,710 Total Operating Expenses: $1,022,460 375,000 units 750,000 units These costs are paid in the month in which they occur. Not included in the above expenses is bad debt expense. 10. Sales are on a cash and credit basis, with 55% collected during the month of the sale, 35% the follownte month, and 9.5% the month thereafter. of 1% Of sales are considered uncollectible (bad debt expense). o.5 bd dem 11. Sales in November and December 2007 are expected to be $700,000 and $1.500000 respectively. Based on the above collection pattern this will result in Accounts Receivable of $734,000 at December 31, 2007 which will be collected in January and February, 2008. b0,000 12. During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008, MKD will be required to make Pai bs er monthly.income tax installment payments of $5,000. Outstanding income taxes from ial 1s estimated to be 25 % of net income. Income taxes for the year ended December wus the year ended December 31, 2007 must be paid in April 2008. Income tax expense 31, 2008, in excess of installment payments, will be paid in April, 2009. 13. MKD is planning to acquire additional manufacturing equpment for $204,300 cash. 40% of this amount is to be paid in November 2008. the rest. in December 2008. The manufacturing overhead costs shown above already include the amortization on this equipment 14. An arrangement has been made with the local bank that if MKD maintains a minimum balance of $20,000 in their bank account, they will be given a tine of credit at a prefered rate of 6% per annum. All borrowing is considred to happen on he first day of the montn, repayments are on the last day of the month. All borrowings and repayments from the bank shouldi a inmuitiples of STO00 and interest must be paid at the end of.each month Ihterest is calculated on the balance at the beginning of the month, which includes any amounts borrowed that month. IRA 15. MKD Ltd. has a policy of paying dividends at the end of each quarter. The president tells you that the board of directors is planning on continuing their policy of declaring dividends of $50,000 per quarter. 16. A listing of the estimated balances in the company's ledger accounts as of December 31, 2007 is given below: Assets $ 83,365 Cash Accounts receivable Inventory-raw materials Inventory-finished goods Prepaid Insurance Prepaid property and business taxes Capital assets (net) Total assets 734,000 9,000 9,125 64,000 19,200 724,000 $1,642,690 Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity Accounts payable Income taxes payable Capital stock Retained Earnings Total liabilities and shareholders' equity 208,407 21,500 1,000,000 412.783 $1,642,690 Required: Prepare a monthly master budget for MKD for the year ended December 31, 2008, including the following schedules: 1. Sales Budget & Schedule of Cash Receipts Production Budget Direct Materials Budget & Schedule of Cash Disbursements Direct Labour Budget Manufacturing Overhead Budget Ending Finished Goods Inventory Budget Selling and Administrative Expense Budget Cash Budget adio Master Budget Case: MKD Ltd. MKD Ltd. is a company that manufactures and sells a single product, which they call a Sera. For planning and control purposes, they utilize a monthly master budget, which is usually developed at least six months in advance of the budget year. Their fiscal year end is December 31 During the summer of 2007, Chris Leigh, the MKD controller, spent considerable time with Pat Frazer, the Manager of Marketing, putting together a sales forecast for the next budget year (January to December, 2008). Unfortunately, their collaboration worked so well they eloped to Las Vegas, were married by an Elvis impersonator, and settled down somewhere in the desert. Prior to their departure they e-mailed letters of resignation and a cryptic sales forecast to the President of MKD. Their sales forecast consisted of these few lines: For the year ended December 31, 2007: 475,000 units at $10.00 each For the year ended December 31, 2008: 500,000 units at $10.00 each For the year ended December 31, 2009: 500,000 units at $10.00 each Expected sales for the year ended December 31, 2007 are based on actual sales to date and budgeted sales for the duration of the year MKD President felt certain that the marriage would not last, and expected Chris would be back any day. However, the end of the year is quickly approaching, and there is still no word from the desert. The President, desperately needing the budget completed, has approached you, a management accounting student, for help in preparing the budget for the coming fiscal year. Your conversations with the president and your investigations of the company's records have revealed the following information: 1. Peak months for sales correspond with gift-giving holidays. History shows that January, March, May and June are the slowest months with only 1% of sales for each month. Sales pick up over the summer with July, August and September each contributing 2 % to the total. Valentines Day in February boosts sales to 5 %, and Easter in April accounts for 10 %. As Christmas shopping picks up momentum, winter sales start at 15% in October, move to 20 % in November and then peak at 40% in December. This pattern of sales is not expected to change in the next two years From previous experience, management has determined that an ending inventory equal to 25% of the next month's sales is required to fit the buyer's demands 2. 3. Because sales are seasonal, MKD must rent an additional storage facility from September to December to house the additional inventory on hand The only related cost is a flat $20,000 per month, payable at the beginning of the month fucsto 4. There is only one type of raw material used in the production of Sera. Space-age o/ acrylic (SAA) is a very compact material that is purchased in powder form. Each #2 for Sera requires 5 kilograms of SAA, at a cost of $0.45 per kilogram. The supplier of ays 201, of 1aths Perehase 457 the mantn afrch 34, the 3rt, Month afrer +he erchase SAA tends to be somewhat erratic inventory balance equal to 40 % of the following month's production needs as a precaution against stock-outs. MKD pays for 20% of a month's.purchases.in the month of purchase, 45% in the following month and the remaining 35 % two months after the month of purchase. There is no early payment discount 7 Sera MKD Tinds it necessary to maintain an retvires 5K 5. Beginning accounts payable will consist of $208,406.50 arising from the following estimated direct material purchases for November and December of 2007: SAA purchases in November 2007: SAA purchases in December 2007 $223,875.00 $162,563.50 6. MKD's manufacturing process is highly automated, so their direct labor cost is low Employees are paid on a per unit basis. Their total pay each month ts, therefore, dependent on production volumes and averages $9.00 per hour. This rate already includes the employer's portion of employee benefits. All payroll costs are paid in the period in which they are incurred. Each unit spends a total of 18.minutes.in-production. 7. Due to the similarity of the equipment in each of the production stages and the company's concentration on a single product, manufacturing overhead is allocated based on volume (i.e. the units produced). The unit variable overhead manufacturing-rate is $1.30 consisting of. Utilities-$0.60; Indirect Materials-$0.20; Plant maintenance-$0.30; environmental fee-$0.14; and Other--$0.06. 8. The fixed manufacturing overhead costs for the entire year are as follows: Training and development Property and business taxes Supervisor's salary Amortization on equipment Insurance Other $ 43,200 39,000 149,400 178,800 96,000 117,600 $ 624,000 The property and business taxes are paid on June 30 of each year. The expected payment for next year is $39,600. The annual insurance premium is paid at the beginning of September each year. There should be no change in the premium from last year. All other "cash-related" fixed manufacturing overhead costs are incurred evenly over the year and paid as incurred. MKD uses the straight line method of amortization. . 9. Selling and administrative expenses are known to be a mixed cost; however, there is a lot of uncertainty about the portion that is fixed. Previous year's experience has provided the following information Lowest level of sales -Highest level of sales Total Operating Expenses: $778,710 Total Operating Expenses: $1,022,460 375,000 units 750,000 units These costs are paid in the month in which they occur. Not included in the above expenses is bad debt expense. 10. Sales are on a cash and credit basis, with 55% collected during the month of the sale, 35% the follownte month, and 9.5% the month thereafter. of 1% Of sales are considered uncollectible (bad debt expense). o.5 bd dem 11. Sales in November and December 2007 are expected to be $700,000 and $1.500000 respectively. Based on the above collection pattern this will result in Accounts Receivable of $734,000 at December 31, 2007 which will be collected in January and February, 2008. b0,000 12. During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008, MKD will be required to make Pai bs er monthly.income tax installment payments of $5,000. Outstanding income taxes from ial 1s estimated to be 25 % of net income. Income taxes for the year ended December wus the year ended December 31, 2007 must be paid in April 2008. Income tax expense 31, 2008, in excess of installment payments, will be paid in April, 2009. 13. MKD is planning to acquire additional manufacturing equpment for $204,300 cash. 40% of this amount is to be paid in November 2008. the rest. in December 2008. The manufacturing overhead costs shown above already include the amortization on this equipment 14. An arrangement has been made with the local bank that if MKD maintains a minimum balance of $20,000 in their bank account, they will be given a tine of credit at a prefered rate of 6% per annum. All borrowing is considred to happen on he first day of the montn, repayments are on the last day of the month. All borrowings and repayments from the bank shouldi a inmuitiples of STO00 and interest must be paid at the end of.each month Ihterest is calculated on the balance at the beginning of the month, which includes any amounts borrowed that month. IRA 15. MKD Ltd. has a policy of paying dividends at the end of each quarter. The president tells you that the board of directors is planning on continuing their policy of declaring dividends of $50,000 per quarter. 16. A listing of the estimated balances in the company's ledger accounts as of December 31, 2007 is given below: Assets $ 83,365 Cash Accounts receivable Inventory-raw materials Inventory-finished goods Prepaid Insurance Prepaid property and business taxes Capital assets (net) Total assets 734,000 9,000 9,125 64,000 19,200 724,000 $1,642,690 Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity Accounts payable Income taxes payable Capital stock Retained Earnings Total liabilities and shareholders' equity 208,407 21,500 1,000,000 412.783 $1,642,690 Required: Prepare a monthly master budget for MKD for the year ended December 31, 2008, including the following schedules: 1. Sales Budget & Schedule of Cash Receipts Production Budget Direct Materials Budget & Schedule of Cash Disbursements Direct Labour Budget Manufacturing Overhead Budget Ending Finished Goods Inventory Budget Selling and Administrative Expense Budget Cash Budget