Although membrane filtration processes have several advantages, a thorough evaluation of the process parameters that influence membrane fouling is necessary to optimize the permeate flux, and hence the optimal concentration of the filtered or retained enzyme. The use of sequential separation processes $($e$.$g$.$ microfiltration and ultrafiltration$)$ can reduce the number of subsequent stages, thus minimizing production costs.

This activity seeks to concentrate the lipases produced by Aspergillus niger through sequential membrane separation processes as shown below:

Culture $->$ Prefiltration $(20$m$)->$ Microfiltration $(0\mathrm{.}45$m$)->$ Ultrafiltration $($concentration$)$

From previous laboratory$-$pilot tests with an Aspergillus niger culture broth, with an approximate concentration of $20$ g$/$L$,$ it has been determined that the prefilters are capable of removing around $50\%$ of the biomass, which drastically reduces the viscosity of the medium at approximately $50$ cP$.$ On the other hand, the microfiltration membrane $(60$ cm$2)$ retains the rest of the biomass, as well as other solids of the order of microns. The resulting permeate is processed by tangential flow ultrafiltration in order to be concentrated. Based on the previous information, answer the following:

$1.$ Make a block diagram of the lipase productinon and recovery process. Microfiltration involving $($if there is$)$ unit operations