An AA flashlight cell, whose Th$$ evenin equivalent is a voltage source of $1\mathrm{.}5$ V and a resistance of $1,$ is connected wave,Vp $,$onwhichissuperimposedaripplecomponentof frequency $2$f $($in the full$-$wave case$)$ and of peak$-$to$-$peak amplitude Vr $=$ Vp $/2$fCR$.$ To reduce this ripple voltage further, a voltage regulator is employed. $$ Combination of diodes, resistors, and possibly reference voltagescanbeusedtodesignvoltagelimitersthatprevent oneorbothextremitiesoftheoutputwaveformfromgoing beyond predetermined values, the limiting level$($s$).$ Applyingatime$-$varying waveformtoacircuit consisting of a capacitor in series with a diode and taking the output across the diode provides a clamping function. Specifically, depending onthepolarityofthediode,either thepositiveornegativepeaksofthesignalwillbeclamped to the voltage at the other terminal of the diode $($usually ground$).$ In this way the output waveform has a nonzero average or dc component, and the circuit is known as a dc restorer. $$ By cascading a clamping circuit with a peak$-$rectifier circuit, a voltage doubler is realized. to the terminals of an ideal diode. Describe two possible situations that result. What are the diode current and terminal voltage when $($a$)$ the connection is between the diode cathode and the positive terminal of the battery and $($b$)$ the anode and the positive terminal are connected?