An engine with a compression ratio of $8\mathrm{.}9$:$1$ draws in air at a temperature of $\backslash (20^\{\backslash$circ$\}\backslash$mathrm$\{$C$\}\backslash )$ and pressure of $1$ bar. Estimate the temperature and pressure at the end of the compression stroke. Why will the temperature and pressure be less than this in practice?

The gravimetric air$/$fuel ratio is $\backslash (12$: $1\backslash ),$ and the calorific value of the fuel is $\backslash (44\backslash$mathrm$\{$MJ$\}/\backslash$mathrm$\{$kg$\}\backslash ).$ Assume that combustion occurs instantaneously at the end of the compression stroke. Estimate the temperature and pressure immediately after combustion.