An error correction code $($also called channel coding, or FEC $$ forward error correction$)$ is a scheme that improves the BER over noisy transmission channels. The basic idea is to add extra bits $($redundant bits$)$ to the data to be transferred. Then, at the receiver, the errors are detected and corrected using the extra information provided by these extra bits. These codes are characterized by code rates denoted as k$/$n$,$ or sometimes $($n$,$k$),$ where n bits are transmitted for each k message bits $($that is$,$ n$-$k redundant bits are added$).$ There are various coding schemes available in the literature. Here, three widely used techniques, namely, Convolutional codes, LDPC codes and Polar codes, will be analyzed. Each g