An example of Double Marginalization in supply chains is

Select one:

a. When a garden center has to make an order decision in November about how many large sun umbrellas and in what sizes/colors should be ordered for the next summer season.

b. When a US retailer for office supplies chooses not to share its demand forecast with its suppliers.

c. When a Chinese distributor for televisions chooses to hold low inventory levels to reduce their inventory risk, although the demand is very unpredictable in China and the profits are large.

d. When a Swiss manufacturer of snowmobiles offers a buy-back contract to European sports retailers if the inventory is not sold by the end of the season.