An IP datagram 4000 bytes long with no options arrives at a router, which determines that the next destination has an MTU of 1,500 bytes. Complete the following questions, showing your calculations and reasoning.

As the router decides to fragment the packet into 3 fragments, determine an appropriate size for each fragment, and identify the starting byte and ending byte of each fragment (2.5 marks).

Calculate the fragmentation offset for each fragment (1.5 marks).

State whether the total number of bytes from all 4 fragments leaving the router will be greater than the initial datagram size that arrived, or less than the initial datagram size, and the reason (1 mark).