Question: An optical communication system operates using the Return - to - Zero ( RZ ) modulation format at a bit rate of 5 Gbps .

An optical communication system operates using the Return-to-Zero (RZ) modulation format at a bit rate of 5 Gbps. The system has a target Bit Error Rate (BER) of 109109 and operates with a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 12 dB. The pulse duty cycle for the RZ format is 50%, meaning each pulse occupies half of the bit period.

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