Analysis and Optimization of the ALOHA Protocol

Consider a network that uses the ALOHA protocol for communication among nodes. Given that the network suffers from high collision rates and low throughput, the organization is exploring ways to optimize network efficiency.

Explain the difference between the pure ALOHA and slotted ALOHA protocols, and analyze how each impacts collision probability and network throughput.

Given that the maximum throughput of pure ALOHA is S $=0\mathrm{.}184($where S is the normalized throughput$)$ and for slotted ALOHA is S $=0\mathrm{.}368,$ calculate the probability of successful transmission in each case.

$3.$ Propose a hybrid solution that could increase the efficiency of an ALOHA$-$based network. Discuss how combining ALOHA with a scheduling mechanism or implementing adaptive retransmission intervals might mitigate collision rates and improve overall network per$-$ formance.