Analyze the validity and reliability (determine if it is high or low). a researcher asks a participant to take an existing alcoholic survey twice. The first time, the participant receives a result of "Alcoholic"; the second time, the participant receives a result of "Non-alcoholic." A thermometer always gives a temperature value that is 0.5 degrees higher than it is supposed to be. An X-ray machine gives a picture that a radiologist is always able to analyze effectively. A placebo medication given to randomly assigned participants sometimes gives participants a stomach virus. A patient's treatment plan is missing from the electronic medical record. A medical assistant asks patients about diet and exercise regimens, both of which help the physician make informed treatment plans. Two root-cause analyses of a hospital readmission problem are performed. One analysis determines that patients' access to care is the issue; the other analysis determines that discharge instructions need to be clearer. A statistical analysis of patient wait time indicates an incorrect mean the majority of the time