ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS IN THIS SECTION. (TRUE OR FALSE)

1. Causal relationships are simple to study if the independent variable in the study is manipulated by the researcher. 2. The age of the participant cannot be a manipulated independent variable. 3. Primary sources are records that are produced at the time. 4. If a project has been fully approved by an Institutional Review Board, the researcher need no longer be concerned with the ethical appropriateness of the research. 5. In addition to ethical guidelines for research with human participants, there are published guidelines for research with animals. 6. Survey researchers suggest that participant observation yields invalid data because the observers, simply by being there, change people's behaviour. 7. The diversity of participants in research is, among other things, not an ethical issue. 8. The researcher manipulates all independent variables. 9. The researcher may choose to manipulate the independent variable in order to see what effect it has on the dependent variable. 10. Stimulus variables may be either manipulated by the experimenter or an already existing part of the environment in which the research is being conducted.