Answer if the following statements are correct or wrong $(3$pt each, $24$ total$).$

a$.$ The water$-$cement ratio is defined as the weight of cement divided by the weight of water. $($True $/$

False$)$

b$.$ A reinforced concrete structure that satisfies the flexural limit state is guaranteed to satisfy the shear

limit state. $($True $/$ False$)$

c$.$ The design strength must be smaller than the nominal strength. $($True $/$ False$)$

d$.$ Increasing the amount of tension rebars is generally encouraged for flexural beam design because the

resulting moment strength increases. $($True $/$ False$)$

e$.$ Safety provisions of the ACI Code on bending moment can be written as $M_n{M}_u,($True $/$ False$)$

f$.$ The elastic modulus of concrete is not contant, but depends on the square root of $f_c^{\text{'}}.($True $/$ False$)$

g$.$ Euler$-$Bernoulli beam theory assumes that the strain in a beam cross$-$section is non$-$linear if cracks

occur due to flexure. $($True $/$ False$)$

h$.$ In the reinforced concrete design, the Elastic modulus of steel is assumed to be a constant value.

$($True $/$ False$)$

Fill the blank in the following statements. $(3$pt each, $18$ total$)$

a$.$ The objective of concrete $()$ test is to figure out the workability of the mixed concrete.

b$.$ Design of concrete structures is generally based on $()-$day strength.

c$.$ The process of maintaining proper moisture and temperature conditions for casted concrete is called

as $().$

d$.$ Special chemicals or additives mixed with concrete to provide specific properties $($e$.$g$.,$ early strength

gaining, improved workability$)$ are called as a$/$an $().$

e$.()$ indicates a phenomenon that material $($e$.$g$.,$ concrete$)$ deforms additionally over long$-$term

period without the increase of loading.

f$.$ Concrete is assumed to fail in compression when ${}_c={}_u=(,)$