answer the multiple choice question

One who subscribes to a__________ theory ofhuman rightsjustification believesthe reason we must protect humanrights is that they enable us to realize agreater good.

	A.	deontological
	B.	utilitarian
	C.	contractual
	D.	positivistic

QUESTION 2

__________ is the view that at least some moral values are universal and apply to all individuals and cultures.

	A.	Cultural relativism
	B.	Ethical absolutism
	C.	Utilitarianism
	D.	Virtue ethics

3 points

QUESTION 3

__________ rights are a person's rights to be protected from outside interferencei.e. from actions by others that directly cause violation of one's rights.

	A.	Inalienable
	B.	Natural
	C.	Negative
	D.	Positive

3 points

QUESTION 4

The following is an example of what type of fallacy:"Most people reject the belief in reincarnation because they do not (believe they) have any memories of past lives.Therefore, we may assume reincarnation does not occur."

	A.	Slippery slope
	B.	Ad hominem
	C.	Appeal to Common Opinion (Bandwagon)
	D.	Attacking thestraw man

3 points

QUESTION 5

__________law is law that is entirely the product of human design.

	A.	Natural
	B.	Moral
	C.	Categorical
	D.	Positive

3 points

QUESTION 6

The United Nations General Assembly adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in__________.

	A.	1919
	B.	1948
	C.	1945
	D.	1949

3 points

QUESTION 7

The following is an example of what type of fallacy:"Some governments who have condemned North Korea's regime have dismal human rights records themselves.Therefore, North Korea's record on human rights is satisfactory."

	A.	Appeal to Ignorance
	B.	Is-Ought Fallacy
	C.	Weak analogy
	D.	Tu Quoque

3 points

QUESTION 8

__________ is the view that cultural norms determine what is ethically right and wrong.Thus there can be no universal moral reasoning that is applicable to all human beings.

	A.	Cultural relativism
	B.	Ethical absolutism
	C.	Deontology
	D.	Liberalism

3 points

QUESTION 9

____________ is a tradition in political thought that emphasizes the individual and his/her rights.It frequently entails a belief in natural rights and the recognition of freedom as a supreme value.

	A.	Virtue ethics
	B.	Liberalism
	C.	Deontology
	D.	Communism

3 points

QUESTION 10

__________ is the branch of philosophy that investigates the nature of reality.

	A.	Epistemology
	B.	Metaphysics
	C.	Logic
	D.	Ethics

3 points

QUESTION 11

__________argued that rational agents could determine how to justly organize society if they achieved impartiality through aveil of ignorance.

	A.	Immanuel Kant
	B.	John Rawls
	C.	Jeremy Bentham
	D.	Aristotle

3 points

QUESTION 12

The following is an example of what type of fallacy: "One should obey the law.Therefore, citizens should never commit public, nonviolent civil disobedience according to Gandhi's guidelines."

	A.	Sweeping generalization
	B.	Slippery slope
	C.	Equivocation
	D.	One-sided

3 points

QUESTION 13

According to ______________, the most fundamental human rightis a form of equality which he calls "the right to equal concern and respect."

	A.	John Locke
	B.	Thomas Hobbes
	C.	H.L.A.Hart
	D.	RonaldDworkin

3 points

QUESTION 14

InLeviathan(1651), __________ argues that because people are vulnerable in the state of nature, they must relinquish power in a social contract to a 3^rdparty, the sovereign, who becomes an absolutist ruler they must obey.

	A.	John Stuart Mill
	B.	Thomas Hobbes
	C.	Immanuel Kant
	D.	John Locke

3 points

QUESTION 15

The following is an example of what type of fallacy: "Buddhists' ultimate goal is to attain Enlightenment. Immanuel Kant is an Enlightenment philosopher.Therefore, he accomplished the ultimate goal of Buddhism."

	A.	Tu Quoque
	B.	Equivocation
	C.	Weak analogy
	D.	Circularity

3 points

QUESTION 16

The following is an example of what type of fallacy: "Jacktested positive for COVID-19.Two weeks later,he was seriously injured in a motorcycle accident and died in the hospital while being treated for the injuries. COVID-19 must have been the cause of Jack's death."

	A.	Slippery slope
	B.	Circularity
	C.	Hasty generalization
	D.	Post-hoc

3 points

QUESTION 17

One who subscribes to a__________theory ofhuman rightsjustificationbelievesthe reason wemust protect humanrights is that they are a human birthright.

	A.	utilitarian
	B.	deontological
	C.	instrumentalist
	D.	contractual

3 points

QUESTION 18

In his ethical philosophy, ______________introduced the supreme moral commandment, theCategorical Imperativeandprovided an explanation of the source of human dignity.

	A.	John Locke
	B.	John Rawls
	C.	Immanuel Kant
	D.	John Stuart Mill

3 points

QUESTION 19

The following is an example of what type of fallacy: "In our culture, we have allowed men to marry young girls for centuries. Therefore, we should continue this practice."

	A.	Is/ought
	B.	Red herring
	C.	Post hoc
	D.	Hasty generalization

3 points

QUESTION 20

The following is an example of what type of fallacy: "Questioning the Warren Commission's report about President Kennedy's assassinationis like questioning the fact that the earth is round."

	A.	Weak analogy
	B.	Red herring
	C.	Attacking the straw man
	D.	Appeal to ignorance

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