answer these multiple choice questions and short answer questions please.

31. Citric ocid, which it entrected fram citrus fraty ond pineepple warte, is aced entetaivily in the merulacture of cancy end saft trinke. Which of the fallowing ir a chorecteristis of citric seid malution? A. abitten tarte 8. Iscontate c. the obdildy to nutrel at wineger D. the obly ta tirn litmut fries red to bive A. ects et t protat occeptor in ofy mpten B. exts ar aproton dinor it ery systes 33. What could be the pHit of ocid roin? 34. Which characterimic is trae of an Amtenus bese C 90 5. decreaser [ir] in on Hyo savilian D. increatea [PCli in on H4O silution D. 110 A. occepts of in saldition 8. eccepts preterd it atution c. donates protere in sulition D. noleater off in soldition 35. Ceni der the fullowing caulibrium: CHcoOH(a)+Ca(oq)4HOC(eq)CH,COO(oq) A. CH1COOH stronger, products fowered C. HoCl atronger. prodects forieved a. OH,COOH stronger, reectunts farared Q. HoCl atronger, reectunte faresed 20. What is the qfireximate pHi of a talation that ia orenge ahen threel blet is oddee? the asdicm rescriad. 46. In what type of cel are the redex reoctions note ts occur by os extemoly oppind electrical curreat? Whas nodd be the net cell petentide E", for the reactions Short Answer Questions to achieve thit resilt? the hest of nolition of Ph, 4 is 14.9k//mel ? (Value: 4) 50, a) The berium its Baso, (0)+Ban(sec)=50(x) (Vive: 2) cotant: 31. Citric acid, which is extracted from citrus fruits and pineapple waste, is used extensively in the manufacture of candy and soft drinks. Which of the following is a characteristic of citric acid solution? A. a bitter taste c. the ability to neutralize vinegar B. a sour taste D. the ability to turn litmus from red to blue 32. According to the Brensted-Lowry theory what does an acid do? A. acts as a proton acceptor in any system C. decreases [H] in an H2O solution B. acts as a proton donor in any system D. increases [H] in an H2O solution 33. What could be the pH of acid rain? A. 5.0 B. 7.0 c. 9.0 D. 110 34. Which characteristic is true of an Arrhenius base A. accepts OHin solution C. donates protons in solution B. accepts protons in solution D. releases OHin solution 35. Consider the following equilibrium: CH3COOH(aq)+OCl(aq)4HOCl(aq)+CH3COO(aq) Identify the stronger acid and predict whether reactants or products are favored at equilibrium. A. CH3COOH stronger, products favored. C. HOCl stronger, products fovored B. CH3COOH stronger, reactants favored D. HOCl stronger, reactants favored 36. Which statement is true for the following reaction? HCN(aq)+H2O(I)4CN(aq)+H3O(aq) A. HCN is an acid and CNis its conjugate base C. H2O is an acid and HCN is its conjugate base. B. HCN is an acid and H2O is its conjugate base D.H2O is ana cid and H3O is it s conjugate base. 38. What is the approximate pH of a solution that is orange when thymol blue is added? A. 1 B. 2 c. 5 D. 9 39. What volume of 1.20mol/KLHBr(aq) is required to neutralize 50.0mL of 0.350mol/LKOH ? A. 42.9mL B. 15.6mL c. 14.6mL D. 5.25mL 43. Sodium can be produced by the electrolysis of molten sodium chloride. N electrolysis, sodium ions are attracted to the electrode where metallic sodium is formed by the gain of electrons. What is the term for the sodium reaction? A. leaching B. neutralization c. oxidation D. reductionO in HNO3 46. In what type of cell are the redox reactions made to occur by an externally applied electrical current? A. chemical cell B. electrochemical cell C. electrolytic cell D. galvanic cell 47. Given the reaction: 2Al+3Ni22A3+3Ni What would be the net cell potential, E, for the reaction? A. 1.94V B. 1.42V C 1.94V D. 2.58V 48 Which of the following g species are oxidizing agents: K(s),MnOi(q),F(g),H(g) A. H2(g) only B. F2(g) and H2(g) C. MnO4(aq) and F2(g)DK(s),MnO " (aq), and F2(g) 49. You are planning a lecture demonstration to illustrate an endothermic process. You want to lower the temperature of 1400. 9 of water in an insulated container from 25.0C to 10.0C. What mass of NH4Cl(s) should you dissolve in water to achieve this result? The heat of solution of NH4Cl is 14.8kJ/mol. (Value: 4) 50. a) The barium ion, Ba2, is toxic within the human body. In spite of this, barium sulfate (BaSO4) is given to patients to drink before they have x-rays of their digestive tract. Why is it safe to ingest BaSO4 ? (Value: 2) BaSO4(5)4Ba2+(aq)+5O2(pq) b) Calculate the molarity of a solution containing 25.0g of sodium phosphate, Na3PO4, in 500,mL of solution. (Value: 2) 51. The decomposition of ammonia to nitrogen and hydrogen results in the following equilibrium. NH3(g)4t2(g)+H2(g)H=46.1kJ The activation energy for the forward reaction is 335kJ/molNH, without a catalyst and 197kJ/mol with an osmium catalyst. a) Sketch an activation energy diagram to represent this equilibrium. Label activation energy and enthalpy on the diagram. Show the reaction paths for both the catalyzed and noncatalyzed reaction. (Value: 3 ) b) Using collision theory, explain why the asmium catalyst increases the rate of the reaction. (Value: 1) (Value: 2)