Artificial intelligence $($AI$)$ is the intelligence of machines or software, as opposed to the$$intelligence of other living beings, primarily of humans. It is a field of study in computer$$science that develops and studies intelligent machines. Such machines may be called AIs.$$AI technology is widely used throughout industry, government, and science. Some high$-$profile$$applications are: advanced web search engines $($e$.$g$.,$ Google Search$),$ recommendation$$systems $($used by YouTube, Amazon, and Netflix$),$ interacting via human speech $($such as Google$$Assistant$,$ Siri, and Alexa$),$ self$-$driving cars $($e$.$g$.,$ Waymo$),$ generative

and creative tools$($ChatGPT and AI art$),$ and superhuman play and analysis in strategy games $($such as chess and Go$).$

$1.$ Explain AI history and how does AI works?

$2.$ Why is artificial intelligence important?

$3.$ What are the advantages and disadvantages of artificial intelligence?

$4.$ What are the $4$ types of artificial intelligence?