As a global production leader looking to implement lean manufacturing principles across multiple international facilities, which of the following approaches would most effectively reduce waste and improve overall production efficiency?

Centralizing all production decision$-$making at the company$$s headquarters to standardize processes across different international locations

Introducing a just$-$in$-$time $($JIT$)$ inventory management system that minimizes excess inventory and reduces storage costs across all global production sites

Purchasing identical advanced machinery for all production facilities regardless of local market conditions and workforce capabilities

Implementing a uniform production quota system that requires each international facility to meet identical daily production targets