As discussed in a lecture, and exemplified by differences in management styles of two past GE chief executives, Modes of Corporate Control, as they relate to managing individual businesses within the multibusiness firm, come in two basic approaches

vertical control by way of planning and reporting and horizontal control by way of memos and committees

corporate control over strategy and business unit control over financial planning

centralized control by the corporate headquarters and shared control by managers at both the corporate headquarters and all business units

d$.$ input control over planning and decision making and output control over defining and measuring performance objectives