__________ - __________ assessments are different from norm-referenced tests in that they compare an individual student's performance to a pre-criterion or benchmark. Location: Video 05: Common Standard Scores 7. __________ - __________ scores use a scale based on grade levels and months into a grade to estimate how well students are performing. Location: Video 05: Common Standard Scores 8. When possible, test scores should be explained __________ __________ so that the scores are not misinterpreted