Associational: Questions that explore the relationship or correlation between two or more variables (e.g., "Is there a relationship between hours of study and test scores?"). Difference: Questions that investigate whether there are differences between groups on a particular variable (e.g., "Do males and females differ on math achievement?"). Descriptive: Questions that aim to describe the characteristics of a population or phenomenon (e.g., "What is the average age of students in this program?"1.4 provide your own example of a research question and hypothesis for each type of research