Question: Assume that a RISC machine executes one instruction per clock cycle if no branches are executed. Delayed branch is used with three delay clock cycles.

Assume that a RISC machine executes one instruction per clock cycle if no branches are executed. Delayed branch is used with three delay clock cycles. Consider the execution of

1000

instructions.

30 %

of which are branch instructions, on such a machine in two cases. The first case is the use of a novice compiler that is not able to reduce the extra clock cycles wasted due to branch instructions. In the second case, a smart compiler that is able to utilize

85 %

of the extra clock cycles is used. Compute the average number of instructions per cycle in each case. Compute also the percentage of performance gain due to the use of the smart compiler.

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