AUTHORIZING COMPUTER USERS WITH PALM PRINTS. Access to computers, email, and Facebook accounts is achieved via a password$$a collection of symbols $($usually letters and numbers$)$ selected by the user. One problem with passwords is that persistent hackers can create programs that enter millions of combinations of symbols into a target system until the correct password is found. An article in the International Journal of Advanced Research in Electronics and Communication Engineering $($June $2016)$ investigated the effectiveness of using palm prints to identify authorized users. For example, a system developed by Palmguard, Inc. tests the hypothesis

H

$0$

:

$$

The proposed user is authorized

H

a

:

$$

The proposed user is unauthorized

by checking characteristics of the proposed user$$s palm print against those stored in the authorized users$$ data bank.

Define a Type I error and Type II error for this test. Which is the more serious error? Why?

Palmguard reports that the Type I error rate for its system is less than $1\%,$ whereas the Type II error rate is $\mathrm{.}00025\%.$ Interpret these error rates.

Another successful security system, the EyeDentifyer, $$spots authorized computer users by reading the one$-$of$-$a$-$kind patterns formed by the network of minute blood vessels across the retina at the back of the eye.$$ The EyeDentifyer reports Type I and II error rates of $\mathrm{.}01\%(1$ in $10,000)$ and $\mathrm{.}005\%(5$ in $100,000),$ respectively. Interpret these rates.