$($b$)(1$c$)$

$3.$ Calculate the equivalence ratio in $(1$c$)$ above.

$4.$ The formula for a low$-$grade bituminous coal is $C_{137}{H}_{98}{O}_{9}NS.$

$($a$)$ Use any method you are comfortable with to calculate the pounds of air needed for complete $($stoichiometric$)$ combustion for each pound of this coal.

$($b$)$ Using Dulong's formula, calculate the higher heating value, HHV$,$ for this coal in BTU$/$lb of coal.

$5.$ A typical molecule of regular diesel fuel has the chemical formula $C_{16}{H}_{34}.$ Using a low heating value $($LHV$)$ of $17486$ BTU$/$lb for this hydrocarbon, calculate the high heating value $($HHV$)$ for this hydrocarbon.