B$+$treeIn this assignment, the focus is on deepening the understanding of external storage management by implementing page data structures designed for efficient storage and retrieval of data. Unlike previous assignments where the data handling might have been more straightforward $($reading from CSV and writing into a $.$dat file$),$ this task introduces the complexity of managing variable$-$length records within a structured page system $[$Section $9\mathrm{.}6\mathrm{.}2$ and $9\mathrm{.}7\mathrm{.}2$ from Cow Book$].$ This method is essential for optimizing access and manipulation of data in real$-$world database systems and is well$-$aligned with professional data management practices.