Question: Background:Summit Builders, a mid-sized construction firm, secures a $5 million contract to build a new office complex near a protected wetland. Before starting construction, the
Background:Summit Builders, a mid-sized construction firm, secures a $5 million contract to build a new office complex near a protected wetland. Before starting construction, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) informs the company that it must apply for an environmental impact permit to ensure the project does not harm the local ecosystem.Summit Builders proceeds without the permit, arguing that the land was previously developed and does not require additional environmental review. The EPA issues a cease-and-desist order, halting construction and imposing a $250,000 fine for violating federal environmental laws.Dispute:Summit Builders claims that:The permit process is too slow, delaying the project and increasing costs.The land had already been developed before, so further review is unnecessary.The fine is excessive, and the EPA is unfairly targeting their company.Summit Builders appeals the fine and cease-and-desist order, arguing that the regulations are being misapplied.
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