Question: Based on the provided T-test write the narrative describing the results of the t-test . Please see the analyses bellow: Included Analyses Two-Tailed Paired Samples
Based on the provided T-test write the narrative describing the results of the t-test.
Please see the analyses bellow:
Included Analyses
- Two-Tailed Paired Samples t-Test between Pre_test_Score and Post_test_score
Results
Two-Tailed Paired Samples t-Test
Introduction
A two-tailed paired samples t-test was conducted to examine whether the mean difference of Pre_test_Score and Post_test_score was significantly different from zero.
Assumptions
Normality. A Shapiro-Wilk test was conducted to determine whether the differences in Pre_test_Score and Post_test_score could have been produced by a normal distribution (Razali & Wah, 2011). The results of the Shapiro-Wilk test were not significant based on an alpha value of .05, W = 0.98, p = .853. This result suggests the possibility that the differences in Pre_test_Score and Post_test_score were produced by a normal distribution cannot be ruled out, indicating the normality assumption is met.
Results
The result of the two-tailed paired samples t-test was significant based on an alpha value of .05, t(29) = -16.49, p < .001, indicating the null hypothesis can be rejected. This finding suggests the difference in the mean of Pre_test_Score and the mean of Post_test_score was significantly different from zero. The mean of Pre_test_Score was significantly lower than the mean of Post_test_score. The results are presented in Table 1. A bar plot of the means is presented in Figure 1.
Table 1
Two-Tailed Paired Samples t-Test for the Difference Between Pre_test_Score and Post_test_score
| Pre_test_Score | Post_test_score | |||||
| M | SD | M | SD | t | p | d |
| 79.87 | 8.61 | 91.17 | 6.93 | -16.49 | < .001 | 3.01 |
| Note.N = 30. Degrees of Freedom for the t-statistic = 29. d represents Cohen's d. |
Figure 1
The means of Pre_test_Score and Post_test_score with 95.00% CI Error Bars
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