Before the mid-1960s, mentally disabled people were often institutionalized. The deinstitutionalization movement of the 1960s and 70s,

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Before the mid-1960s, mentally disabled people were often institutionalized. The deinstitutionalization movement of the 1960s and 70s, resulted in an unintended result: the criminalization and concomitant incarceration of mentally disabled persons who commit crimes because, although they suffer from a mental disability, they are not legally incompetent (and can consequently fit to stand trial). Most cases of psychosis are considered "disorders of thought;" consequently, there is a suspicion that the clinical diagnosis of psychosis is, in fact, a socio-ethical judgment. Twentieth Century psychiatrist and professor, Thomas Szasz, argued there is no neutral, value-free psychiatry and, thus, most, if not all, psychiatric diagnoses are subjective or socially-biased opinions. Do you agree with Szasz? Why or why not? Explain your reasoning and recommend a public health arrangement to resolve this problem. 2. The age of majority in most U.S. states is 18 years, but minors around 12 years of age are legally allowed to seek healthcare related to sexual activity, including HIV testing, without parent approval. Do you believe this practice is ethically justifiable? Why or why not? Your answer should incorporate ethical principles, such as parental autonomy, state beneficence, etc. 3. Imagine you are the CEO of a for-profit pharmaceutical company which produces HIV/AIDS drugs. As the CEO, you have fiduciary obligations to the company's shareholders and employees, but you want to provide charitable care in the public interest during an HIV/AIDS pandemic. Commpose a brief letter to the shareholders based on why you believe a short-term pay reduction for employees and decrease in shareholder profits is consistent with the company's ethical vision. 4. In the United States, approximately $2 to $2.3 billion dollars could be saved annually by reducing injuries caused by gun violence. However, advocates of gun ownership, pointing out an individual's autonomy, strongly resist the gun control reform. Do you believe that in order to promote public health, an individual's autonomy should take precedence over the government's nonmaleficent and economic concerns?