Benchmarking is defined as a $-$

a$.$ program where suppliers compete for contracts, and those not selected

receive best practices byosed of the winning supplier's approach, enabling

them to enhance their processos

b$.$ practice where organisations attempt to learn and apply the best practices

of other organisations,

c$.$ performance metrics system that seeks to motivate suppliers to perform

better:

d$.$ system for quickly identifying defective systems to implement supplier

development processes: