Question: c) (5 marks) (i) What are framing bits and why are they used? A frame in an E-1 line in the E hierarchy consists of

c) (5 marks) (i) What are framing bits and why are they used? A frame in an E-1 line in the E hierarchy consists of 30 voice channels, 8 start of frame bits (time slot 0) and 8 bits for carrying signals (time slot 16). How many bits are in the frame? If there are 8,000 frames a second what is the bit rate of an E-1 line? (iii) Explain how STS-3 frames are multiplexed in a SONET system. (iv) (2 marks) Explain briefly how the fields H1, H2, H3 in the Transport Overhead used in SONET.

Step by Step Solution

There are 3 Steps involved in it

1 Expert Approved Answer

Step: 1 Unlock blur-text-image

Question Has Been Solved by an Expert!

Get step-by-step solutions from verified subject matter experts

Step: 2 Unlock

Step: 3 Unlock

Students Have Also Explored These Related Databases Questions!

Microkernel operating systems aim to address perceived modularity and reliability issues in traditional "monolithic" operating systems. (i) Describe the typical architecture of a microkernel...

In this question assume that p and q are atomic formulae. (a) Compare and contrast path formulae and state formulae in temporal logic. [4 marks] (b) Describe and contrast the meanings of F(G p) and...

can someone solve this Modern workstations typically have memory systems that incorporate two or three levels of caching. Explain why they are designed like this. [4 marks] In order to investigate...

re Regular Languages and Finite Automata (a) Let L be the set of all strings over the alphabet {a, b} that end in a and do not contain the substring bb. Describe a deterministic finite automaton...

GRADUATE CERTIFICATE IN PROJECT MANAGEMENT PROJ5010: PROJECT PROCUREMENT AND STRATEGIC SOURCING. CASE STUDIES CONTENTS 1. Proj5010: The World Bank RFP Case Study covers 1. Assignment 1: Marks = 5 2....

ttth Suppose that the sequence of bags {Bn | n N} is recursively enumerated by the computable function e(n, x) = fn(x), [7 marks] Hence prove that the set of all recursive bags cannot be recursively...

Data gistrun sending inside a pack fills in as conventional allowing subordinate rules to execute on progressive clock cycles. Correspondence between gatherings conventionally causes a surprising...

A creative engineer suggests structuring the TLB so that not all the bits of the presented address need match to result in a hit. Suggest how this might be achieved, and what might be the costs and...

This question involves the use of AGGREGATE linear PYTHOIN regression on the Auto data set. (a) Perform a simple linear regression with mpg as the response and horsepower as the predictor. Describe...

Portray in words what transforms you would have to make to your execution to some degree (a) to accomplish this and remark on the benefits and detriments of this thought.You are approached to compose...

HiTech Manufacturing Company has 1,000,000 shares of $1 par value capital stock outstanding on January 1. The following equity transactions occurred during the current year: Apr. 30 Distributed...

Why are projects undertaken by organizations? Projects are undertaken to fulfill organizational objectives by producing deliverables. Projects are undertaken to create unique tangible artifacts....

Which one of the following statements is correct? Assume cash flows are conventional . 1 2 Multiple Choice 0 . 5 pointsThe profitability index will be greater than 1 . 0 when the net present value is...

CT Corp Comprehensive Question Canadian Tire Corporation, Limited (Canadian Tire) is a family of companies that includes a retail segment and a financial services division, among others. The retail...

4. At one point in this chapter, we asked you to think of a time when an instructor presented a viewpoint that went against one of your deeply held beliefs. Now its time for you to be the speaker. c...

1. LaunchPad for Real Communication offers key term videos and encourages selfassessment through adaptive quizzing. Go to bedfordstmartins.com/realcomm to get access to: LearningCurve Adaptive...

3. On your next grocery store trip or while waiting in a doctors office, look through some magazine advertisements (bridal magazines are particularly interesting to search). As you page through the...