Caches are important to providing a high$-$performance memory hierarchy to processors. Below is a list of $32-$bit memory address references, given as word addresses.

$3,180,43,2,191,88,190,14,181,44,186,253$

a$.$ For each of these references, identify the binary address, the tag, and the index given a direct mapped cache with $16$ one$-$word blocks. Also list if each reference is a hit or a miss, assuming the cache is initially empty.

$16$ blocks means $4-$bits index therefore

Word Address Binary Address Tag Index Hit$/$Miss

$3$

$180$

$43$

$2$

$191$

$88$

$190$

$14$

$181$

$44$

$186$

$253$Caches are important to providing a high$-$performance memory hierarchy to processors. Below is a list

of $32-$bit memory address references, given as word addresses.

$3,180,43,2,191,88,190,14,181,44,186,253$

a$.$ For each of these references, identify the binary address, the tag, and the index given a direct

mapped cache with $16$ one$-$word blocks. Also list if each reference is a hit or a miss, assuming

the cache is initially empty.

$16$ blocks means $4-$bits index therefore

b$.$ For each of these references, identify the binary address, the tag, and the index given a direct

mapped cache with two$-$word blocks and a total size of $8$ blocks. Also list if each reference is

a hit or a miss, assuming the cache is initially empty.