Calculating Yield with Scrap Consider an assembly line with 16 steps that are carried out sequentially by 16 workers, respectively. Each of the 16 steps has a defect probability of 2%, but the defect is never detected by the workers performing the 16 steps. The final product produced on the assembly line is defective if any one of the 16 steps made a defect At the end of the assembly line, there are two operators independently inspecting the product. The first operator inspects the product and if no defect is detected, then the other operator inspects the product. Each of them is recognizing a defective product with a 90% probability. If a product is recognized as defective, it is scrapped. Otherwise, it is moved to the shipping department. 1. What is the probability that a defective product is produced (independent of the defect being