Can babies reason probabilistically? A study investigates this by showing ten- to twelve-month-old infants two jars of lollipop shaped objects colored pink or black. Each infant first crawled or walked to whichever color they wanted, determining their “preferred” color. They were then given the choice between two jars that had the same number of preferred objects, but that differed in their probability  of getting the preferred color; each jar had 12 in the preferred color and either 4 or 36 in the other color. Babies choosing randomly or based on the absolute number of their preferred color would choose equally between the two jars, while babies understanding probability would more often choose the jar with the higher proportion of their preferred color. Of the 24 infants studied, 18 chose the jar with the higher proportion of their preferred color. Are infants more likely to choose the jar with the higher proportion of their preferred color?

(a) State the null and alternative hypotheses.

(b) Give the notation for the sample statistic.

(c) Find the value of the sample statistic.

(e) What is the p-value?

Answer rating: 100% (QA)

Solution let p is the probability of choosing their preferred ... View the full answer