can you explain this

BRAF BRAF is a gene that makes a protein called B-RAF. This protein is involved MAPK pathway BRAF-mutant in the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) pathway. Activation of the MAPK pathway leads to transcription of genes that encode proteins involved in the regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation. RTK RTK BRAF is a proto-oncogene, and when transformed into an oncogene, it RAS RAS becomes an oncoprotein, B-RAF. A common BRAF-mutation is called V600E whereby valine (V) is substituted by glutamic acid (E) at amino acid 600 within the gene. BRAF V600E Oncogenic B-RAF proteins signal independently of upstream cues in the MEK MEK MAPK pathways. This results in increased cell proliferation and survival without signalling by growth factors. ERK ERK Cell proliferation Tumour and differentiation growth