Candidate J$.$T$.$ is confident and positive about his aspirations, but is very skeptical of the motives of others. He believes that an average person does not li does not want to be accountable for its completion or its quality. He thinks that people will work only if they are forced or threatened. This implies that J$.$

a$.$ Theory $Y.$

b$.$ external attribution.

c$.$ perceptual defense.

d$.$ Theory $x.$