Cardinal Company is considering a five-year project that would require a $2,890,000 investment in equipment with a useful life of five years and no salvage value. The companys discount rate is 12%. The project would provide net operating income in each of five years as follows:

Sales		$ 2,739,000
Variable expenses		1,100,000
Contribution margin		1,639,000
Fixed expenses:
Advertising, salaries, and other fixed out-of-pocket costs	$ 641,000
Depreciation	578,000
Total fixed expenses		1,219,000
Net operating income		$ 420,000

14. Assume a postaudit showed that all estimates (including total sales) were exactly correct except for the variable expense ratio, which actually turned out to be 50%. What was the projects actual payback period? (Round your answer to 2 decimal places.)

15. Assume a postaudit showed that all estimates (including total sales) were exactly correct except for the variable expense ratio, which actually turned out to be 50%. What was the projects actual simple rate of return? (Round your answer to 2 decimal places.)

EXHIBIT 12B-1 Present Value of $1;1(1+r) n 0.582 0.540 0.645 Periods 4% 5% 6% 7% 8% 9% 10% 11% 12% 13% 14% 15% 16% 17% 18% 19% 20% 21% 22% 23% 24% 25% 1 0.962 0.952 0.952 0.943 0.935 0.926 0.917 0.909 0.901 0.893 0.885 0.877 0.870 0.862 0.855 0.847 0.840 0.833 0.826 0.820 0.813 0.806 0.800) 2 0.925 0.907 0.890 0.873 0.857 0.842 0.826 0.812 0.797 0.783 0.769 0.756 0.743 0.731 0.7180.706 0.694 0.683 0.672 0.661 0.650 0.640 3 0.889 | 0.864 0.840 0.816 0.794 0.772 0.751 0.731 0.712 0.693 0.675 0.658 0.641 0.624 0.609 0.593 0.579 0.564 0.551 0.537 0.524 0.524 0.512 4 0.855 0.823 0.792 0.763 0.735 0.708 0.683 0.659 0.636 0.613 0.592 0.572 0.552 0.534 0.516 0.499 0.482 0.467 0.451 0.437 0.423 0.410 5 0.822 0.784 0.747 0.713 0.681 0.650 0.621 0.593 0.567 0.543 0.519 0.497 0.476 0.456 0.437 0.419 0.402 0.386 0.370 0.370 0.355 0.328 6 0.341 0.790 0.746 0.705 0.666 0.630 0.596 0.564 0.535 0.507 0.480 0.456 0.432 0.410 0.390 0.370 0.352 0.335 0.319 0.303 0.289 0.275 0.262 7 0.760 0.711 0.665 0.623 0.583 0.547 0.513 0.482 0.452 0.4250.400 0.376 | 0.354 0.333 0.314 0.296 0.279 0.263 0.249 8 0.235 0.222 0.210 0.731 0.677 0.627 0.502 0.467 0.434 0.404 0.376 0.351 0.327 0.305 0.285 0.266 0.249 0.233 0.218 0.204 0.191 0.179 0.168 9 0.703 0.592 0.544 0.500 0.460 0.424 0.391 0.361 0.333 0.308 0.284 0.263 0.243 0.225 0.209 0.194 0.180 0.167 0.155 0.144 0.134 10 0.676 0.614 0.558 0.508 0.463 0.422 0.386 0.352 0.322 0.295 0.270 0.247 0.227 0.208 0.191 0.176 0.162 0.149 0.137 0.126 11 0.116 0.107 0.650 0.585 0.527 0.475 0.429 0.388 0.350 0.317 0.287 0.261 0.237 0.215 0.195 0.178 0.162 0.148 0.135 0.123 0.112 0.103 0.094 0.086 12 0.625 0.557 0.497 0.444 0.397 0.356 0.319 0.286 0.257 0.231 0.208 0.187 0.168 0.152 0.137 0.124 0.112 0.102 0.092 0.083 0.076 0.069 13 0.601 0.530 0,469 0.415 0.368 0.326 0.290 0.258 0.229 0.204 0.182 0.163 0.145 0.130 0.116 0.104 0.093 0.084 0,075 0.068 0.061 0.055 14 0.577 0.505 0.442 0.388 0.340 0.299 0.263 0.232 0.205 0.181 0.160 0.141 0.125 0.111 0.099 0.088 0.078 0.069 0.062 0.055 0.049 0.044 15 0.555 0.481 0.417 0.362 0.315 0.275 0.239 0.209 0.183 0.160 0.140 0.123 0.108 0.095 0.084 0.074 0.065 0.057 0.051 0.045 16 0.040 0.035 0.534 0.458 0.394 0.339 0.292 0.252 0.218 0.188 0.163 0.141 0.123 0.107 0.093 0.081 0.071 0.062 0.054 0.047 0.042 0.036 0.032 0.028 17 0.513 0.436 0.371 0.317 0.270 0.231 0.198 0.170 0.146 0.125 0.108 0.093 0.080 0.069 0.060 0.052 0.045 0.039 18 0.034 0.030 0.026 0.023 0.494 0.416 0.350 0.296 0.250 0.212 0.180 0.153 0.130 0.111 0.095 0.081 0.069 0.059 0.051 0.044 0.038 0.032 19 0.028 0.024 0.021 0.018 0.475 0.396 0.331 0.277 0.232 0.194 0.164 0.138 0.116 0.098 0.083 0.070 0.060 0.051 0.043 0.037 0.031 0.027 0.023 0.0200.017 0.014 20 0.456 0.377 0.312 0.258 0.215 0.178 0.149 0.124 0.104 0.087 0.073 0.061 0.051 0.043 0.037 0.031 0.026 0.022 0.019 0.016 0.014 0.012 21 0.439 0.359 0.294 0.2420.199 0.164 0.135 0.112 0,093 0.077 0.064 0.053 0.044 | 0.037 0.031 0.026 0.022 0.018 0.015 0.013 0.011 0.009 22 0.422 0.342 0.278 0.226 0.184 0.150 0.123 0.101 0.101 0.083 0.068 0.056 0.046 | 0,038 0.032 0.026 0.022 0.018 | 0.015 0.013 0.011 23 0.406 0.326 0.009 | 0.007 0.262 0.211 0.170 0.138 0.112 0.091 0.074 0.060 0.049 0.040) 0.033 0.027 0.022 0.018 0.015 0.012 0.010 0.009 0.007 0.006 24 0.390 0.310 0.247 0.197 0.158 0.158 0.126 0.102 0.082 0.066 | 0.053 0.043 0.035 0.028 0.023 0.019 0.015 0.013 0.010 0.008 0.007 0.006 0.005 25 0.375 0.295 0.233 0.184 0.146 0.116 0.092 0.074 0.059 0.047 0.038 0.030 0.024 0.020 0.016 0.013 0.010 0.009 0.007 0.006 0.005 0.004 26 0.361 0.281 0.220 0.172 0.135 0.106 0.084 0.066 0.053 0.042 0.033 0.026 0.021 0.017 0.014 0.011 0.009 0.007 27 0.006 0.005 0.0040.003 0.347 0.268 0.207 0.161 0.125 0.098 0.076 0.060 0.047 0.037 0.029 0.023 | 0.018 0.014 0.011 0.0110.009 0.009 0.007 0.006 0.005 0.004 0.003 0.002 28 0.333 0.255 0.1960.150 0.116 0.090 0.069 0.054 0.042 0.033 0.026 0.0200.016 0.012 0.010 0.008 0.006 0.005 0.004 1 0.003 0.003 0.002 0.002 29 0.321 0.243 0.185 0.141 0.107 0.082 0.063 0.048 0.037 0.029 0.022 0.017 0.014 0.011 0.008 0.006 0.005 0.004 0.003 0.002 0.002 0.002 30 0.308 0.231 0,174 0.131 0.099 0.075 0.057 | 0.044 0.044 0,033 0.026 0.020 0.015 0.012 0.009 0.007 0.005 0.004 0.003 0.003 0.002 40 0.002 0.001 0.208 0.142 0.097 0.067 0.046 0.032 0.022 0.015 0.011 0.008 0.005 0.004 0.003 0.002 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000) EXHIBIT 12B-2 Present Value of an Annuity of $1 in Arrears; 1/r(1-(1/(1+r)^n)) Periods 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 6.210 3.799 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 4% 5% 6% 6 7% 8% 9% 10% 11% 12% 13% 14% 15% 16% 17% 18% 19% 20% 21% 22% 23% 24% 25% 0.962 0.952 0.943 0.935 0.926 0.917 0.909 0.901 0.893 0.885 0.877 0.870 0.862 0.855 0.847 0.840 0.833 0.826 0.820 0.813 0.806 0.800 1.886 1.859 1.833 1.808 1.783 1.759 1.736 1.713 1.690 1.668 1.647 1.626 1.605 1.585 1.566 1.547 1.528 1.509 1.492 1.474 1.457 1.440 2.775 2.723 2.673 2.624 2.577 | 2.531 2.487 2.444 | 2.402 2.402 2.361 2.322 2.283 2.246 2.210 2.174 2.174 | 2.140 2.140 2.106 2.074 2.042 2.011 1.981 1.952 3.630 3.546 3.465 3.387 3.312 3.240 3.170 3.102 3.037 2.974 2.914 | 2.855 2.798 2.743 2.690 2.639 2.589 2 540 2.494 2.448 2.404 2.362 4.452 4.329 4.212 4.100 3.993 3.890 3.791 3.696 3.605 3.517 | 3.433 3.352 3.274 3.199 3.127 3.058 2.991 2.926 2.864 2.803 2.745 2.689 5.242 5.076 4.917 4.767 4.623 4.486 4.355 4.231 4.111 3.998 3,889 3.784 3,685 3.589 3.498 3.410 3.326 3.245 3.167 3.092 3,020 | 2.951 6,002 5.786 5.582 5.389 5.206 5,033 4.868 4.712 4.564 4.423 4.2884.160 4.039 3.922 3.812 3.706 3.605 3.508 3.416 3.327 3.242 3.161 6.73 6.463 5.971 5.747 5.535 5.335 5.146 4.968 4.799 4.639 4.487 4.344 4.207 4.078 3.954 3.837 3.726 3.619 3.518 3.421 3.329 7.435 7.108 6.802 6.515 6.247 5.995 5.759 5.537 5.328 5.132 4.946 4.7724.607 4.451 4.303 4.163 4.031 3.905 3.786 3.673 3.566 3.463 8.111 7.722 7.360 7.024 6.710 6.418 6.145 5.889 5.650 5.426 5.216 5.019 4.833 4.659 4.494 4.339 4.192 4.054 3.923 3.682 3.571 8.760 8.306 7.887 7.499 7.139 6.805 6.495 6.207 5.938 5.687 5.453 5.453 | 5.234 5.029 4.836 4.656 4.486 4.327 4.177 4.035 3.902 3.776 3.776 3.656 9.385 8.863 8.384 7.943 7.536 7.161 6.814 | 6.4926.194 5.918 5.660 5.421 5.197 4.988 4.793 4.611 4.439 4.278 4.127 | 3.985 3.851 3.725 9.986 9.394 8.853 8.358 7.904 7.487 7.103 6.750 6.424 6.1225.8425.583 5.342 5.118 4.910 4.715 4.533 4.362 4.203 4.053 3.912 3.780 10.563 9.899 9.295 8.745 8.244 7.786 7.367 16.982 6.628 6.302 6.002 5.724 5.468 5.229 5.008 4.802 4.611 4.432 4.265 4.108 3.962 3.824 11.11810.380 9.712 9.108 8.559 8.061 7.606 7.191 6.811 6.462 6.142 5.847 5.575 5.324 5.092 4.8764.675 4.489 4315 4.153 4.01 3.859 11.652 10.838 10.106 9.447 8.851 8.313 7.824 7.3796.9746.604 6.265 5.954 5.668 5.405 5.1624.938 4.730 4.536 4.357 4.189 4.033 3.887 12.166 11.274 10.477 9.763 9.122 8.544 8.022 7.549 7.1206.7296.373 6.047 5.749 5.475 5.222 4.990 4.775 4.576 4.391 4.2194.059 3.910 12.659 11.690 10.828 10.059 9.372 8.756 8,201 7.702 7.250 6.840 6.467 6.128 5.818 5.534 5.273 5.033 4.812 4.608 4.419 4.243 4.080 3.928 13.134 12.085 11.158 10.336 9.604 / 8.950 8.365 7.839 7.366 6.938 6.550 6.198 5.877 5.584 5.316 5.070 4.843 4.635 4.442 4.263 4.097 3.942 13.590 12.462 11.470 10.594 9.818 9.129 8.514 7.963 7.469 7.025 6.623 6.259 5.929 5.628 5.353 5.101 4.870 4.657 4.460 4.279 4.110 3.954 14.029 12.821 | 11.764 10.836 10.017 | 9.292 8.649 8.075 7.562 7.102 6.687 6.3125.973 5,665 5.384 5.127 4.891 4.675 4.476 4.292 4.121 3.963 14.451 13.163 12.042 11.061 10.2019.442 8.7728.176 7.645 7.170 6.743 6.359 6,011 5.696 5.410 5.149 5.1494.909 4.690 4.488 4.302 4.130 3.970 14.857 13.489 | 12.303 11.272 10.371 9.580 8.883 8.266 7.718 7.230 6.792 6.399 6,044 5.723 5.432 5.167 4.925 4.703 4.499 4.311 4.137 3.976 15.247 13.799 | 12.550 11.469 10.529 9.707 8.985 | 8.348 8.348 7.784 7.784 7.283 6.835 6.4346.073 5.746 5.451 5.182 4.937 4.713 4.507 4.318 4.143 3.981 15.622 14.094 12.783 11.654 10.675 9.823 9.077 8.422 7.843 7.330 6.873 6.464 6.097 5.7665.467 5.195 4.948 4.721 4.5144.323 4.147 3.985 15.983 14.375 13.003 11.826 10.810 9.929 9.161 8.488 7,896 7.372 6.906 6.491 6.118 5.783 5.480 5.2064.956 4.728 4.520 4.328 4.151 3.988 16.330 14.643 13.211 11.987 10.935 10.027 9.237 8.548 7.943 7.409 6.935 6.514 6.136 5.798 5.492 5.215 4.964 4.524 4.332 4.154 3.990 16.663 14.898 13.406 12.137 11.051 10.116 9.307 8.602 8.602 7.984 7.441 6,961 | 6.534 6.152 5.810 5.502 5.223 4.970 4.739 4.528 4.335 4.157 3.992 16.984 15.141 13.591 12.278 11.158 10.1989.370 8.650 8.0227.470 6.983 6.551 6.166 5.820 5.510 5.229 4.975 4.743 4.531 4.337 4.159 3.994 17.292 15.372 13.765 12.409 11.258 10.274 9.427 8.694 8.055 7.496 | 7.003 6.566 6.177 5.829 | 5.517 5.235 5.235 4.979 4.7464.534 4.339 4.160 3.995 19.793 17.159 15.046 13.332 11.925 10.757 9.779 8.951 8.244 7.634 | 7.105 6.6426.233 5.871 5.548 5.258 4.997 4.760 4.544 4.347 4.166 3.999 26 4.734 27 28 29 30 40