Carry out basic Python exercises that are provided in the shared document below $($Python$\_$Basics$).$ Also, explain your work using comments in the code cell.

Note: Use a single Jupyter Notebook for all the tasks and clearly document each section using comments and markdowns. Save and submit your output as an HTML file. Word documents or PDFs are not allowed.

Answer the following questions and then explain briefly in words how the code works. $($Note:

Do not just provide output but you must explain$)$ You can use the interactive python tutor tool to help you understand code execution

$1.$ Basic syntax. Write the following codes and comment on output for each line.

S$=$Hello World!$$

print$($S$)$

print$($type$($S$))$

print$($S$[1])$

print$($S$[2$:$5])$

print$($len$($S$))$

print$($S$.$lower$())$

$2.$ Given the following code, what is printed? Why is z output not printed? How to fix it$?$ Is

there another way of printing z output? What is z data type?

x$=10$

print$($type$($x$))$

y$=2\mathrm{.}8$

print$($type$($y$))$

z$=5*$x$+2*$y

#z

$3.$ Given the following code, what is printed.

x $=7$

y $=$ x

x $=3$

print$($x$,\text{'},\text{'},$ y$)$

$4.$ How many times is the condition tested $?$

i $=0$

while i $<20$:

print$($i$)$

i$+=1$

$5.$ What is printed given the code below? What does $$def$$ mean and do$?$

def swap$($val$1,$ val$2)$:

tmp $=$ val$1$

val$1=$ val$2$

val$2=$ tmp

x $=10$

y $=5$

swap$($x$,$ y$)$

print$($x$,",",$y$)$

$6.$ Complete the missing code for the for loop to produce the output shown. Note: There are

different solutions that can produce the same result.

for i in $\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_$:

print $($i$)$

$2$

$5$

$8$

$11$

$7.$ What will be printed by the following code?

x $=[1,2,3,4,5,6]$

y $=$ x

x$[1]=42$

print $($y$)$

$8.$ What is the output from the following code?

alist $=[6,8,12,13]$

alist$[3]\%$ alist$[1]$

$9.$ What is a $$tuple$?$ Given the tuple, what$$s the output from the following code?

tup $=(\text{'}$physics$\text{'},$ 'chemistry', $1997,2000,2001,1999)$

print $($ tup$[2])$

print $($tup$[1$:$4])$

$10.$ Given the tuple above, what is the result of the following code?

tup$[2]=1998$

print$($tup$)$