Case Study

Carefully read the extract below and then answer the question that follows.

Leadership vs Management: Understanding the Key Difference

What Do Managers Do$?$

A manager is a member of an organization with the responsibility of carrying out the four important functions of management: planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. But are all managers leaders?

Most managers also tend to be leaders, but only IF they also adequately carry out the leadership responsibilities of management, which include communication, motivation, providing inspiration and guidance, and encouraging employees to rise to a higher level of productivity.

Unfortunately, not all managers are leaders. Some managers have poor leadership qualities, and employees follow orders from their managers because they are obligated to do so$$not necessarily because they are influenced or inspired by the leader.

Managerial duties are usually a formal part of a job description; subordinates follow as a result of the professional title or designation. A manager$$s chief focus is to meet organizational goals and objectives; they typically do not take much else into consideration. Managers are held responsible for their actions, as well as for the actions of their subordinates. With the title comes the authority and the privilege to promote, hire, fire, discipline, or reward employees based on their performance and behaviour.

Question $1(75$ marks$)$

Before attempting to answer the questions, read the preceding abstract carefully, the relevant sections in your prescribed textbook $($Botha et al$.,2020)$ and the following sources $($can be accessed in BPP readings, or on the internet$),$ and relate all your answers to them. It will add value to your assignment, as it will give you relevant perspectives and context as well as stimulate your critical advisory notes. The principles in these documents are applicable to policing$/$law enforcement in Southern Africa.

Leadership vs Management: Understanding the Key Difference.

$$ Holistic Leadership.

$$ Leading Change

$$ Why Transformation Efforts Fail

$$ SAPS $$lacking in leadership$$

$$ any other relevant article you have accessed.

Deal with the question and sub$-$questions as ONE integrated answer with relevant sub$-$headings. Structure your answer with a relevant title, an introduction, discussions with headings$/$sub$-$headings, as well as recommendations $($advisory notes to senior management in your policing or law enforcement organisation related to your discussion and the extract$)$ and a conclusion. Remember to relate your answer to the extract, sources mentioned above, as well as your police$/$law enforcement organisation. Refer to all sources used.

When reflecting on the information from the extract, it is clear that there is a difference between a manager and a leader, but leadership and management are integrated and applied interdependently in the operational sense. Leadership and management are two distinct and complementary modes of action. Management is a skill $$ something that one can learn once the underlying principles are understood, but to be successful, managers need to be able to lead their subordinates. Managers perform five functions of administration $$ planning, organising, leading, controlling and co$-$ordinating.

Whereas management refers to an orientation towards results and goals, organising tasks and systems, $-$leadership alludes to an orientation towards a process of change, human relations and organising people.

Based on the extract, write an integrated critique on management in your chosen agency.

You are required to specifically reflect on the functions of Planning and Organising performed by managers and how middle or lower managers can use these functions to improve their leadership abilities and become successful managers.

Your critique should include the following and must include examples of applications relevant to management and leadership functions indicated in the extract and articles provided.

$$ Explanation of the nature and importance of planning in an organisation and what the concept of organising entails

$$ Management theories

o The importance of management theories

o A management theory that will improve management and leadership abilities in your agency when implemented.

$$ Planning Tools: how managers can implement these tools to become a successful managers and leaders.

$$ Principles of organising to enhance management and leadership efficiency and overall effectiveness in your policing$/$law enforcement environment.

$$ Five recommendations $($advisory notes to Top Management in your policing$/$law enforcement agency$)$ related to planning and organising on how to improve the fStructure

Table of contents $(1$ mark$),$ relevant title $(1$ mark$),$ numbered headings, subheadings $(1$ mark$),$ source $(1$ mark$),$ list of references $(2$ marks$)$

$6$

$1.$ Introduction

Introductory remarks on:

$$ The nature and importance of planning in an organisation

$$ and what tunctioning of management and leadership in your agency.

$3.$