CASE STUDY;If profits are notdistributed regularly and are retained, the shareholders may have to pay a higher rate of tax in the year when accumulated profits are distributed. However, it must be remembered that regular dividends can be maintained only by companies of long standing and stable earnings.

2. Stable Dividend PolicyThe term 'stability of dividends' means consistency in the stream of dividend payments. In more precise terms, it means payment of certain minimum amount of dividend regularly. A stable dividend policy may be established in any of the following three forms:

a) Constant payout ratio This is where the firm will pay a fixed dividend rate e.g. 40% of earnings.The DPS would therefore fluctuate as the earnings per share changes. Dividends are directly dependent on the firm's earnings ability and if no profits are made no dividend are paid. This policy creates uncertainty to ordinary shareholders especially who rely on dividend income and they might demand a higher required rate of return.

b) Constant amount per share (fixed D.P.S.) The DPS is fixed in amount irrespective of the earnings level.This creates certainty and is therefore preferred by shareholders who have a high reliance on dividend income. It protects the firm from periods of low earnings by fixing DPS at a low level. This policy treats all shareholders like preferred shareholders by giving a fixed return.The DPS could be increased to a higher level if earnings appear relatively permanent and sustainable.

QUESTIONS

1.what could be termed as the Auxiliary/Secondary Storage devices when referringto the better project management of initials/details?

2. explain on the utilization of the magnetic disks toward ensuringproject are well managed and regulated

3.shed details that support contributions of RAID in any project management activity

4.what do you know about the Storage Area Network (SAN) towards the achievement of the management criteria applicableto projects?

5.relate the Computer Output Microfilm (COM) to the elimination of intermediate stepping in project management

6.help understand the contributions of theROM (Read Only Memory)as it may sound as well as ensuring it works to the best advantage of project manage met

7. what is the implication of the term software in project management schemes andprocesses?

8.in the context of project management systems; explain the interpretation of System software

9.analyse how Utility Programs are vital in economic value realization of the due process of project management?

10.what is a project Proprietary Software