Case Study: The Table Talkers Subject: Mr. Garcia's 5th Grade Math Class Scenario: Mr. Garcia is teaching a lesson on fractions. During partner work, some students get down to business, quietly discussing the problems and strategies. However, a few tables erupt in conversation. Students at these tables talk about unrelated topics, laugh loudly, and struggle to focus on the task at hand. This disrupts the learning environment for other students and makes it difficult for Mr. Garcia to monitor progress. Student Needs: Carlos: Easily distracted by conversations around him, often gets swept up in off- topic discussions. Maya: Struggles with independent work and relies heavily on her partner for explanations. She may become frustrated and disengaged if her partner is off- task. Class as a whole: Needs positive reinforcement for on-task behavior and collaboration during partner work. Teacher's Goal: To create a focused and collaborative learning environment where students are actively engaged in their partner work and supporting each other's learning. Questions for Teachers: 1. Identify specific behaviors that demonstrate successful partner work during math discussions (e.g., whispering, using manipulatives, explaining concepts to each other). 2. How can Mr. Garcia use behavior-specific praise to acknowledge and encourage these positive behaviors? 3. How can Mr. Garcia differentiate his praise strategies to address Carlos and Maya's specific needs? 4. What additional classroo