Choose the correct answer: 1. A modulus 16 ring counter requires how many flip-flops? A) 2 B) 4 C) 8 D) 16 2. If a 10-bit ring counter has an initial state 1101000000, what is the state after the third clock pulse? A) 1101000000 B) 0001101000 C) 1100000000 D) 0000000000 3. A modulus 12 Johnson counter requires a minimum of _______________. A) 10 flip-flops B) 12 flip-flops C) 6 flip-flops D) 2 flip-flops 4. On the third clock pulse, a 4-bit Johnson sequence is Q0 = 1, Q1 = 1, Q2 = 1, and Q3 = 0. On the fourth clock pulse, the sequence is ______________________________. A) Q0 = 1, Q1 = 1, Q2 = 1, Q3 = 1 B) Q0 = 1, Q1 = 1, Q2 = 0, Q3 = 0 C) Q0 = 1, Q1 = 0, Q2 = 0, Q3 = 0 D) Q0 = 1, Q1 = 0, Q2 = 0, Q3 = 0 5. An asynchronous counter differ from a synchronous counter in __________________. A) the number of states in its sequence B) the type of flip flop used C) the method of clocking D) the value of modulus 6. A modulus-12 asynchronous counter must have __________________. A) 12 flip-flops B) 4 flip-flops C) 3 flip-flops D) 5 flip-flops 7. Four cascaded modulus-10 counters have an overall modulus of _______________. A) 40 B) 10 C) 1000 D) 10000 8. Which asynchronous counter mod is a truncated sequence? A) mod 4 B) mod 8 C) mod 13 D) mod 16