Choose the example below that most effectively uses signal phrase$($s$)$ to introduce source material.

According to Theodore Dreiser, "The sum and substance of literary as well as social morality may be expressed in three words$-$tell the truth" $(581),"$ said Theodore Dreiser.

While some argue that morality is complicated, the influential American novelist Theodore Dreiser disagrees: "The sum and substance of literary as well as social morality may be expressed in three words$-$tell the truth" $(581).$

"The sum and substance of literary as well as social morality may be expressed in three words$-$tell the truth" is a comment mentioned by novelist Theodore Dreiser.

"The sum and substance of literary as well as social morality may be expressed in three words$-$tell the truth" $-$ Theodore Dreiser.