Christopher, a white employee was excluded from a training program that imparted specialized skills required for his role. Under the voluntary affirmative action program, 50 percent of the spaces in the training program were reserved for minority employees while the remaining 50 percent was based on seniority. While Christopher was not senior enough to qualify for the seniority-based seats, he did have more seniority than several of the minority employees admitted under the affirmative action program. Christopher filed a suit against the employer and the union with EEOC arguing that excluding him from the training program while admitting less senior employees was race discrimination prohibited by Title VII. Based on the above information, it is likely the decision ruled in favor of:

a)	Christopher.

b)

the organization.

c)

the black employees.

d)

both the organization and the black employees.