CIV $2201$: HYDRAULICS TEST

Time Allowed: $5,600$ seconds

Question $1$

a$)$ Crude oil of density $925k\frac{g}{m^3}$ and absolute viscosity $0\mathrm{.}065N\frac{s}{m^2}$ at $20C$ is pumped through a horizontal pipeline $100mm$ in diameter, at a rate of $10\frac{\text{I}}{s}.$ Determine the head loss in each kilometer of pipeline.

$[4$marks$]$

b$)$ A single uniform pipe joins two reservoirs. Calculate the percentage increase of flow rate obtainable if$.$ from the midpoint of this pipe, another of the same diameter is added in parallel to it$.$ Neglect all losses except pipe friction and assume a constant and equal for both pipes $f.$

$[6$marks$]$

c$)$ Two reservoirs, with a height difference of $25m$ are joined by a $900mm$ diameter pipe. Length of pipe is $1500m,f=0\mathrm{.}09$ Ignoring minor losses, find the flow between the reservoirs.

$[4$marks$]$

d$)$ Water flows at a rate of $0\mathrm{.}04\frac{m^3}{s}$ in a $0\mathrm{.}12m$ diameter horizontal pipe that contains sudden contraction to $0\mathrm{.}06m$ diameter pipe $)=(0\mathrm{.}4.$ Determine the pressure drop across the contraction section. How much of this pressure difference is due to energy losses and how much is due to kinetic energy change?

$[6$ marks$]$

Question $2$

$[10$ marks$]$

The cross$-$section of the flow in a river during a flood was as shown in the figure below. Assuming manning's roughness coefficients for the side channels and main channel to be $0\mathrm{.}04$ and $0\mathrm{.}03$ respectively, determine the discharge and the energy coefficient $.$

Bed slope $=0\mathrm{.}005$

Area of main channel $($before the flood$)=280m^2$

Wetted perimeter of main channel $=54m$