Claire has worked in a position for several years. When her supervisor thinks she has done a good job on a project, Claire is told that she can take off from work early on Fridays. She tells her friends that this getting off early on Fridays feels like a let-down. Instead, she wishes she would be given more challenging assignments in place of a half day on Fridays. Which linkage from expectancy theory does Claire's comment refer to?

O rewards-personal goals

*O performance-reward

effort-performance

performance-achievement

effort-satisfaction

When a company sets goals, which are used by each of the lower levels in the organization to create their own goals, what are we talking about?

O Representative participation

*O Management by objectives

Management buy-out

O Strategic planning

Management by exception

When you start your new job, they tell you that you will need to watch an experienced employee do her job for the first few days. By doing this, you will be engaging in which of the following approaches to increasing self-efficacy?

arousal

O vicarious modeling

O enactive mastery

O verbal persuasion

O focused training