Clarkson $(1995)$A Stakeholder Framework for Analysing and Evaluating Corporate Social Performance$,$ Academy of Management Review, $20$:$1,92-117.$

This is a seminal article. It has been highly influential in different topics of academic literature. In fact, as at $25$ Feb $2024,$ Google Scholar shows that the $1995$ article has been cited by $14,055$ articles or documents!

The article reports on a $10-$year program of research regarding corporate social performance and, amongst other things, defining stakeholders and the concept of primary and secondary groups of stakeholders. This categorizing of stakeholder groups according to their impact upon the survival of the organization, if they withdrew their support, has been used extensively, including in the contexts of smart cities, eGovernment and open data. Given the competing demands of stakeholders faced by engineer managers this framework will be useful in how you prioritize stakeholders.

The key part of the Clarkson $(1995)$ article for our purposes is the section on "Defining stakeholders and stakeholder groups", pages $105-108.$ Please make sure you understand the three definitions $($stakeholders$,$ primary stakeholders, and secondary stakeholders$)$ and their importance.

Please identify two articles where the authors have applied the theory from the $1995$ article to specific cases from topics relevant to engineering e$.$g$.$ smart cities, asset management, local government management, Public Private Partnerships, and explain how the $1995$ theory was adopted by the more recent authors in your two chosen articles.

In your FD thread $($simply titled FD$1),$ explain briefly how each article builds on and applies some aspect of Clarkson's "framework" $($i$.$e$.,$ the three definitions$)$ to a real situation $($a project, an organisation, an industry$).$ Then have a short section on Reflections, where you discuss the implications of these two articles and Clarkson's framework for your own work as an engineering manager.

So$,$ your thread should have three sections:

$1.$ Article $1-$ Write the full reference $($Harvard style$),$ then explain how it applies Clarkson's $(1995)$ framework.

$2.$ Article $2-$ Write the full reference $($Harvard style$),$ then explain how it applies Clarkson's $(1995)$ framework.

Note: You may compare and contrast the two articles in a couple of sentences if you wish to do so$.$

$3.$ Reflections $-$ Discuss the implications of these two articles and Clarkson's framework for your own work as an engineer