Clearly answer the questions asked;

Explain your rationale behind your answer; and

Provide example$($s$)$ that justify, or further explain, your answer to the question where applicable.

Successful answers will incorporate all components.

Question:

The Olympics are international sporting events that take place every four years. There are

Summer and Winter Olympic events. All of the Olympic events are managed by the

International Olympic Committee $("$IOC$").$ The IOC runs the Olympics with a mission to

promote fair and free athletic competitions in an ethical manner.

During the $2002$ Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City, one of the French judges on the judging

panel for the pairs ice skating competition voted for the Russian team to win the gold medal.

When confronted immediately after the event, the French judge indicated that she felt

pressure to vote for the Russian team, which was awarded the gold medal for the

competition. She initially stated that she voted the way she did because she was told by

members of the French team that there would be a quid pro quo, that is$,$ the Russian judge

would then vote for the French team to win gold in the ice dancing competition.

Following the award of the medal in the pair's competition, there was international outcry in

the press and on social media because the silver medal Canadian duo had skated flawlessly

whereas the Russian team had several flaws in its performance and this arrangement was

publicized. After her initial statement, the French judge subsequently retracted her admission

and publicly stated that she truly believed that the Russian team deserved the gold medal and

had scored their performance correctly.

After learning of the possible quid pro quo between the two skating federations, The IOC, who

is responsible for the judging as part of its management role, launched an investigation.

However, the IOC quickly realized that it would be unable to clearly determine whether or not

any actual rules had been violated after the French judge retracted her initial statement and

both the French and Russian federations refused to cooperate with its investigation.

The IOC is now contemplating whether it should implement a change to the medals awarded

and grant the Canadian team the gold medal.

If this action is taken, then the outcome of the pairs skating event would be that two gold

medals $($Russian and Canadian teams$),$ no silver, and a bronze medal awarded instead of the

traditional gold, silver and bronze medals.