Coastal hazard mitigation involves theoretical considerations of reducing risks associated with coastal hazards, such as erosion, flooding, and storm surge, through engineering, policy, and ecosystem$-$based approaches. Develop a comprehensive theoretical framework elucidating principles of coastal hazard mitigation strategies, including structural measures, nature$-$based solutions, and land use planning. Explore theoretical models for assessing coastal hazards and risks, such as hazard mapping, vulnerability analysis, and cost$-$benefit analysis, and discuss theoretical approaches to implementing coastal hazard mitigation measures, such as shoreline stabilization, beach nourishment, and setback regulations, aiming to protect coastal communities, infrastructure, and natural resources from the impacts of climate change and sea level rise.