Consider a $0\mathrm{.}18-kg$ piece of ice starting at $-21C.$

a$.$ How much heat transfer is necessary to raise the temperature of the ice to $150C,$ including the energy needed for phase changes?

Total heat transfer of $kJ$ is necessary.

b$.$ How much time is required for each stage, assuming a constant $19k\frac{J}{s}$ rate of heat transfer?

a$.$ To heat up the ice to the melting point, seconds of time is necessary.

b$.$ To melt all the ice into water at the melting point, seconds of time is necessary.

c$.$ To heat up the water to the boiling point, seconds of time is necessary.

d$.$ To boil all the water into steam at the boiling point, seconds of time is necessary.

e$.$ To heat up the steam to the final temperature, seconds of time is necessary.

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