Consider a hypothetical study in which hardwood chips are believed to differ from softwood chips in nitrogen concentration. They were specifically interested in 6 tree species currently used in biomass fuel production (three species of hardwoods, three species of softwoods). Four samples of each species were tested for N concentration.

Type	Species	Nconc
softwood	pine	12
softwood	pine	13
softwood	pine	11
softwood	pine	12
softwood	spruce	15
softwood	spruce	19
softwood	spruce	17
softwood	spruce	17
softwood	fir	10
softwood	fir	12
softwood	fir	11
softwood	fir	17
hardwood	maple	18
hardwood	maple	20
hardwood	maple	21
hardwood	maple	16
hardwood	oak	20
hardwood	oak	14
hardwood	oak	17
hardwood	oak	15
hardwood	ash	19
hardwood	ash	22
hardwood	ash	21
hardwood	ash	21

1. Provide a study diagram for this experiment.
2. Write out the statistical model for the ANOVA (You can use words instead of subscripted Greek symbols.)
3. Run the ANOVA, extract relevant output to submit, and conduct mean comparisons (Tukey method) where factors are significant.
4. Graph significant results in bar chart or means plot form showing the means and results of the mean comparisons.