Consider a reactive substance with a unit step function in a continuous$-$time as input signal, which follows a first order

kinetic $($rate constant $k=\frac{0\mathrm{.}0821}{d}).$ The initial concentration is $C_{A0}=8000m\frac{g}{L},$ and constant flow rate is $Q=230\frac{m^3}{h}.$

Determine, through the mass balance approach:

the effluent concentration time profile, if the reactor is an ideal CFSTR with volume equal to $2000m^3$;

the technical time for the steady state and the correspondent effluent concentration, considering the same CFSTR and

additionally to the first kinetic order, calculate the same parameters also for zeroth order and a tracer substance;

the value of the concentration effluents from a PFR$,$ at the steady state. The reactor volume is the same of the CFSTR

$($point $1)$;

the value of the effluent concentration from a series of $2$ CFSTR having same volume. The sum of the volumes of the $2$

reactors is equal to the volume of the CFSTR $($point $1)$;

the value of the concentration effluents from a series of $4$ CFSTR having same volume. The sum of the volumes of the $4$

reactors is equal to the volume of the CFSTR $($point $1)$;

the removal efficiencies of all the ideal configuration considered above at the steady state.